Monday 29 December 2014
Friday 5 December 2014
Monday 1 December 2014
Syllabus for Electrical Estimation and Energy Auditing
Unit 1: Systems of Internal Wiring, Wire size, Fuses, Shock, Earthling
and Testing of installation
and Testing of installation
Conventional symbols for various wiring items, accessories etc.A brief study of important Indian Electricity Rules (1956) Internal wiring, Wire size, Fuses, Shock Wiring systems - Types of wiring - points to be considered for selection of wiring - comparison - Looping back system and Joint box system and tree system - Position of switches, cutouts, main switch board, sub-distribution boards. Considerations for selecting wire size - size of conductors/cable used for Domestic installation, Service connection, Distributors- Power rating of some important house holds electrical appliances – selection of Fuses. Earthing and Testing of Installation Necessity - different methods - pipe earthing and plate earthing - materials required - requirements of good earth electrode neutral wire - difference between neutral wire and earth wire - connection with earth - value of earth resistance and factors on which it is dependent - points to be remembered while providing earth - ELCB system - Earthing of domestic fitting and appliances - Industrial Earthning - Substation Earthing. Insulation Resistance test between earth and conductor and between conductor - Leakage test - Insulation Resistance of motors and other equipment - Factors to be considered for checking electrical installations - Testing of wiring installation: introduction, verification of polarity, effectiveness of earthing, insulation resistance, earth resistance- periodical testing - testing of UG cable - Guidelines for installation of fitting switches, light, fans, earthing of appliances and electrical machines.
Unit 2: Domestic, Commercial and Industrial Installation Estimate
Conditions and Requirements for Domestic, Commercial and Industrial Installation - steps to be followed in preparing electrical estimate (domestic, industrial and agricultural installation) Estimate the quantity of material required for
(1) Residential single bed room Flat (1BHK).
(2) Industrial power wiring having 4 or 5 machines.
(3) Erection of one no. 15hp induction motor in Saw mill / Flour mill.
(4) Irrigation Pump motor (5hp) wiring.
(5) Computer centre having 10 computers, a/c unit, UPS, light and fan.
(6) Street Light service having 12 lamp light fitting
Conditions and Requirements for Domestic, Commercial and Industrial Installation - steps to be followed in preparing electrical estimate (domestic, industrial and agricultural installation) Estimate the quantity of material required for
(1) Residential single bed room Flat (1BHK).
(2) Industrial power wiring having 4 or 5 machines.
(3) Erection of one no. 15hp induction motor in Saw mill / Flour mill.
(4) Irrigation Pump motor (5hp) wiring.
(5) Computer centre having 10 computers, a/c unit, UPS, light and fan.
(6) Street Light service having 12 lamp light fitting
Unit 3:General Aspects of Energy Auditing
Introduction - Types of Energy Auditing - Benefits of Energy Audit - Requirements to conduct Energy Audit - Methodology for Energy Audit - Energy Audit Report – Energy Conservation Building Code. Squirrel Cage Motors Operation of Induction Motor - Special Design feature for high efficiency motor - Torque - Speed Characteristics - Operating parameters of motor - Losses - Measurement of efficiency - Determination of energy saving - determination of Load - Assessment of economic feasibility - choice of energy efficient motor - Effect of variation of voltage on the performance of motor - effect of load variations on efficiency and power factor - unbalanced phase voltage - insulation system.
Introduction - Types of Energy Auditing - Benefits of Energy Audit - Requirements to conduct Energy Audit - Methodology for Energy Audit - Energy Audit Report – Energy Conservation Building Code. Squirrel Cage Motors Operation of Induction Motor - Special Design feature for high efficiency motor - Torque - Speed Characteristics - Operating parameters of motor - Losses - Measurement of efficiency - Determination of energy saving - determination of Load - Assessment of economic feasibility - choice of energy efficient motor - Effect of variation of voltage on the performance of motor - effect of load variations on efficiency and power factor - unbalanced phase voltage - insulation system.
Unit 4: Transformers and Cables
Transformers
Introduction - Transformer Losses - Fixed Losses - Load Losses. Evaluation of Transformer Losses - Case Studies - reduction in Transformer Losses. Energy Conservation Building Code - mandatory requirements - maximum allowable power transformer losses.
HT and LT Cabels
Introduction- Selection of Cable - Construction - Insulation - inner sheath - armouring - outer sheath - specifications - Tests- Installation. Economics in selection of cables.
Transformers
Introduction - Transformer Losses - Fixed Losses - Load Losses. Evaluation of Transformer Losses - Case Studies - reduction in Transformer Losses. Energy Conservation Building Code - mandatory requirements - maximum allowable power transformer losses.
HT and LT Cabels
Introduction- Selection of Cable - Construction - Insulation - inner sheath - armouring - outer sheath - specifications - Tests- Installation. Economics in selection of cables.
Unit 5: Lighting Systems
Colour Rendering Index (CRI), Aspects of Lighting System Designing. Installed Load Efficacy Ratio. Various means for Energy Saving - use of natural day light - reduction in light fixture - high efficiency lamps and luminaries - effect of reduction in supply voltage - electronic ballasts - timers and occupancy sensors - Fluorescent tube lights - CFL lamps - Lighting Control - Exterior Lighting control - Interior Lighting power - Installed Interior Lighting Power - Exterior Lighting Power.
Pumping Systems
Centrifugal Pumps - Pumping System characteristics - static head vs Flow. Pump curves - pump operating point - Factors affecting pump performance - Matching pump and system head-flow characteristics - effect of over sizing the pump - energy loss in throttling. Efficient pumping system operation - effect of speed variation - effects of impeller diameter change - pump suction performance. Flow Control Strategies - pump control by varying speed - Pumps in parallel switched to meet demand- Stop/Start Control - Flow Control Valve - By-pass control - Fixed Flow reduction - Variable Frequency Drives. Energy Conservation Opportunities in Pumping Systems.
Colour Rendering Index (CRI), Aspects of Lighting System Designing. Installed Load Efficacy Ratio. Various means for Energy Saving - use of natural day light - reduction in light fixture - high efficiency lamps and luminaries - effect of reduction in supply voltage - electronic ballasts - timers and occupancy sensors - Fluorescent tube lights - CFL lamps - Lighting Control - Exterior Lighting control - Interior Lighting power - Installed Interior Lighting Power - Exterior Lighting Power.
Pumping Systems
Centrifugal Pumps - Pumping System characteristics - static head vs Flow. Pump curves - pump operating point - Factors affecting pump performance - Matching pump and system head-flow characteristics - effect of over sizing the pump - energy loss in throttling. Efficient pumping system operation - effect of speed variation - effects of impeller diameter change - pump suction performance. Flow Control Strategies - pump control by varying speed - Pumps in parallel switched to meet demand- Stop/Start Control - Flow Control Valve - By-pass control - Fixed Flow reduction - Variable Frequency Drives. Energy Conservation Opportunities in Pumping Systems.
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